Vodka

Vodka originated in Eastern Europe, likely Poland or Russia. The word comes from the Russian "voda" or Polish "wódka," meaning "little water." Vodka production dates back to at least the 14th century and was well established by the 15th. It was initially used medicinally but quickly became a popular drink.

Vodka is a highly purified, neutral spirit, distilled at a high proof. It can be made from many base materials like grains, potatoes, beets or molasses. Vodka has no aging.

Traditionally, vodka was made in pot stills. This left some flavor compounds, so rye vodka might retain rye notes. Today most vodka is distilled in column stills to very high proofs, removing nearly all flavors. Additional filtering, like through charcoal, further enhances neutrality.

Flavored vodkas have long been popular in Eastern Europe. Traditional styles include infusions of citrus peels, pepper, herbs and spices. "Starka" vodkas are infused and aged in oak. In recent decades, countless flavorings from bacon to birthday cake have been added to appeal to Western markets.

In the US, vodka became appreciated as a neutral base for cocktails. The rise of flavored vodka expanded the category. While celebrated for its purity in Eastern Europe, much recent Western vodka focuses on flavors and mixability. But traditional styles preserve vodka's rich heritage.